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SNCM431 JIS G4053 Hardened Steel
SNCM431 is a low - alloy steel for mechanical structures in the Japanese standard, compliant with JIS G 4053 - 2016.SNCM431 mainly consists of elements such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and manganese.It is a high - strength alloy steel with excellent mechanical properties and heat treatment plasticity. It has high strength, good wear resistance, high - temperature strength, and good plasticity. After proper heat treatment, its metallographic structure is mainly martensite and retained austenite, which endows it with good impact resistance.
SNCM431 Chemical Composition (JIS G4053 Standard)
| Element | Content Range (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.38–0.43 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15–0.35 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60–0.90 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.030 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.030 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.70–1.00 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 1.60–2.00 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.20–0.30 |
SNCM431 is a Japanese standard alloy steel (JIS), while 30CrNiMo8 is a German/DIN standard steel (often classified as "hardened and tempered steel").
Physical Properties of SNCM431 Hardened Steel
Here's a detailed overview of the physical properties of SNCM431 (JIS G4053) hardened steel after heat treatment (typically quenching and tempering), presented in a structured format:
| Property | Typical Value/Range | Unit | Notes/Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ~7.85 | g/cm³ | Standard density for most carbon and low-alloy steels. |
| Melting Point | ~1420–1460 | °C | The temperature range at which the steel transitions from solid to liquid. |
| Thermal Conductivity | ~43–50 | W/m·K | Moderate heat conductivity, suitable for applications with moderate thermal demands. |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) | 11.0–12.0×10⁻⁶ | °C⁻¹ (20–100°C) | Linear expansion rate with temperature change; typical for low-alloy steels. |
| Elastic Modulus | ~205–210 | GPa | Stiffness of the material; indicates resistance to elastic deformation. |
| Poisson's Ratio | ~0.28–0.30 | - | Ratio of transverse strain to axial strain under elastic loading. |
| Electrical Resistivity | ~0.20–0.30×10⁻⁶ | Ω·m | Moderate electrical resistivity, typical for alloy steels (higher than pure iron). |
Mechanical Properties (Hardened & Tempered State)
(Note: Physical properties are often closely linked to mechanical behavior after heat treatment.)
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Standards/Test Conditions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (σb) | ≥1080 | MPa | JIS G4053; tested after quenching and tempering. |
| Yield Strength (σ0.2) | ≥930 | MPa | 0.2% offset yield; indicates onset of plastic deformation. |
| Elongation (δ5) | ≥10% | - | Percentage elongation at fracture; reflects ductility. |
| Reduction of Area (ψ) | ≥45% | - | Percentage reduction in cross-sectional area; measures plastic deformation capacity. |
| Impact Toughness (αk) | ≥60 | J/cm² | Charpy impact test; resistance to sudden loading or shock. |
| Hardness (HB) | 280–340 | HB | Brinell hardness; balance of wear resistance and machinability after tempering. |
| Fatigue Strength | ≥500 | MPa | Endurance limit under cyclic loading (symmetrical stress cycles). |
Key Characteristics & Applications
(1High Strength & Toughness:
SNCM431 exhibits excellent balance of strength (from carbon and alloying elements like Ni, Cr, Mo) and toughness (from proper heat treatment), making it suitable for high-load components.
Example applications: Aircraft engine parts, automotive transmission shafts, heavy-duty gears, and crankshafts.
(2Heat Treatment Response:
Can be quenched and tempered to achieve optimal hardness and strength.
Typical heat treatment process:
Quenching: ~850–880°C (oil or water cooling).
Tempering: ~500–650°C (depending on required hardness and toughness).
(3)Corrosion & Wear Resistance:
The combination of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) provides moderate corrosion resistance, while molybdenum (Mo) enhances wear resistance and prevents temper brittleness.
(4)Comparison with Other Grades
SNCM431 vs. 30CrNiMo8:
SNCM431 has slightly higher carbon (C) and nickel (Ni) content, leading to higher core strength but slightly lower hardenability compared to 30CrNiMo8.
30CrNiMo8 (DIN) is optimized for heavy-duty applications requiring high fatigue strength (e.g., wind turbine shafts).
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